Inspecting
your home on a regular basis and following good maintenance practices
are the best way to protect your investment in your home. Whether you
take care of a few tasks at a time or several all at once, it is
important to get into the habit of doing them. Establish a routine for
yourself, and you will find the work is easy to accomplish and not very
time-consuming. A regular schedule of seasonal maintenance can put a
stop to the most common — and costly — problems, before they occur. If
necessary, use a camera to take pictures of anything you might want to
share with an expert for advice or to monitor or remind you of a
situation later.
By following the information noted here, you
will learn about protecting your investment and how to help keep your
home a safe and healthy place to live.
If you do not feel
comfortable performing some of the home maintenance tasks listed below,
or do not have the necessary equipment, for example a ladder, you may
want to consider hiring a qualified handyperson to help you.
Seasonal Home Maintenance
Most
home maintenance activities are seasonal. Fall is the time to get your
home ready for the coming winter, which can be the most gruelling season
for your home. During winter months, it is important to follow routine
maintenance procedures, by checking your home carefully for any problems
that may arise and taking corrective action as soon as possible. Spring
is the time to assess winter damage, start repairs and prepare for
warmer months. Over the summer, there are a number of indoor and outdoor
maintenance tasks to look after, such as repairing walkways and steps,
painting and checking your chimney and roof.
While most maintenance is seasonal, there are some things you should do on a frequent basis year-round:
Make sure air vents indoors and outdoors (intake, exhaust and forced air) are not blocked by snow or debris.
Check and clean range hood filters on a monthly basis.
Test
ground fault circuit interrupter(s) on electrical outlets monthly by
pushing the test button, which should then cause the reset button to pop
up.
If there are young children in the house, make sure electrical outlets are equipped with safety plugs.
Regularly
check the house for safety hazards, such as a loose handrail, lifting
or buckling flooring, inoperative smoke detectors, and so on.
Timing
of the seasons varies not only from one area of Canada to another but
also from year to year in a given area. For this reason, we have not
identified the months for each season. The maintenance schedule
presented here is, instead, a general guide for you to follow. The
actual timing is left for you to decide, and you may want to further
divide the list of items for each season into months.
Fall
Have
furnace or heating system serviced by a qualified service company every
two years for a gas furnace, and every year for an oil furnace, or as
recommended by the manufacturer.
If
you have central air conditioning, make sure the drain pan under the
cooling coil mounted in the furnace plenum is draining properly and is
clean.
Lubricate circulating pump on hot water heating system.
Bleed air from hot water radiators.
Disconnect
the power to the furnace and examine the forced-air furnace fan belt,
if installed, for wear, looseness or noise; clean fan blades of any dirt
buildup.
Check chimneys for obstructions such as nests.
Vacuum electric baseboard heaters to remove dust.
Remove the grilles on forced-air systems and vacuum inside the ducts.
Turn
ON gas furnace pilot light (if your furnace has one), set the
thermostat to “heat” and test the furnace for proper operation by
raising the thermostat setting until the furnace starts to operate. Once
you have confirmed proper operation, return the thermostat to the
desired setting.
Check
and clean or replace furnace air filters each month during the heating
season. Ventilation system, such as heat recovery ventilator, filters
should be checked every two months.
Check
to see that the ductwork leading to and from the heat recovery
ventilator is in good shape, the joints are tightly sealed (aluminum
tape or mastic) and any duct insulation and plastic duct wrap is free of
tears and holes.
If
the heat recovery ventilator has been shut off for the summer, clean
the filters and the core, and pour water down the condensate drain to
test it.
Check
to see that bathroom exhaust fans and range hoods are operating
properly. If possible, confirm that you are getting good airflow by
observing the outside vent hood (the exterior damper should be held open
by the airflow). See the About Your House fact sheet CMHC Garbage Bag Airflow Test for a simple way to estimate the airflow.
Check smoke, carbon monoxide and security alarms, and replace batteries.
Clean portable humidifier, if one is used.
Check sump pump and line to ensure proper operation, and to ascertain that there are no line obstructions or visible leaks.
Replace window screens with storm windows.
Remove
interior insect screens from windows to allow air from the heating
system to keep condensation off window glass and to allow more free
solar energy into your home.
Ensure windows and skylights close tightly; repair or replace weatherstripping, as needed.
Ensure all doors to the outside shut tightly, and check other doors for ease of use. Replace door weatherstripping if required.
If
there is a door between your house and the garage, check the adjustment
of the self-closing device to ensure it closes the door completely.
Cover outside of air-conditioning units and shut off power.
Ensure that the ground around your home slopes away from the foundation wall, so that water does not drain into your basement.
Clean leaves from eavestroughs and roof, and test downspouts to ensure proper drainage from the roof.
Drain
and store outdoor hoses. Close interior valve to outdoor hose
connection and drain the hose bib (exterior faucet), unless your house
has frost-proof hose bibs.
Have well water tested for quality. It is recommended that you test for bacteria every six months.
If
you have a septic tank, measure the sludge and scum to determine if the
tank needs to be emptied before the spring. Tanks should be pumped out
at least once every three years.
Winterize
landscaping, for example, store outdoor furniture, prepare gardens and,
if necessary, protect young trees or bushes for winter.
Winter
Check
and clean or replace furnace air filters each month during the heating
season. Ventilation system, such as heat recovery ventilator, filters
should be checked every two months.
After
consulting your hot water tank owner’s manual, drain off a dishpan full
of water from the clean-out valve at the bottom of your hot water tank
to control sediment and maintain efficiency.
Clean humidifier two or three times during the winter season.
Vacuum bathroom fan grille.
Vacuum fire and smoke detectors, as dust or spider webs can prevent them from functioning.
Vacuum radiator grilles on back of refrigerators and freezers, and empty and clean drip trays.
Check pressure gauge on all fire extinguishers; recharge or replace if necessary.
Check
fire escape routes, door and window locks and hardware, and lighting
around outside of house; ensure family has good security habits.
Check the basement floor drain to ensure the trap contains water; refill with water if necessary.
Monitor
your home for excessive moisture levels — for example, condensation on
your windows, which can cause significant damage over time and pose
serious health problems — and take corrective action if necessary. Refer
to the About Your House fact sheet Measuring Humidity in Your Home.
Check
all faucets for signs of dripping and change washers as needed. Faucets
requiring frequent replacement of washers may be in need of repair.
If
you have a plumbing fixture that is not used frequently, such as a
laundry tub or spare bathroom sink, tub or shower stall, run some water
briefly to keep water in the trap.
Clean drains in dishwasher, sinks, bathtubs and shower stalls.
Test plumbing shut-off valves to ensure they are working and to prevent them from seizing.
Examine windows and doors for ice accumulation or cold air leaks. If found, make a note to repair or replace in the spring.
Examine
attic for frost accumulation. Check roof for ice dams or icicles. If
there is excessive frost or staining of the underside of the roof, or
ice dams on the roof surface, consult the About Your House fact sheet Attic Venting, Attic Moisture and Ice Dams for advice.
Keep snow clear of gas meters, gas appliance vents, exhaust vents and basement windows.
Monitor
outdoor vents, gas meters and chimneys for ice and snow buildup.
Consult with an appropriate contractor or your gas utility for
information on how to safely deal with any ice problems you may
discover.
Check
electrical cords, plugs and outlets for all indoor and outdoor seasonal
lights to ensure fire safety; if worn, or if plugs or cords feel warm
to the touch, replace immediately.
Spring
After
consulting your hot water tank owner’s manual, carefully test the
temperature and pressure relief valve to ensure it is not stuck. Caution: This test may release hot water that can cause burns.
Check
and clean or replace furnace air filters each month during the heating
season. Ventilation system, such as heat recovery ventilator, filters
should be checked every two months.
Have fireplace or wood stove and chimney cleaned and serviced as needed.
Shut down, drain and clean furnace humidifier, and close the furnace humidifier damper on units with central air conditioning.
Switch on power to air conditioning and check system. Have it serviced every two or three years.
Clean or replace air-conditioning filter, if applicable.
Check dehumidifier and drain — clean if necessary.
Turn OFF gas furnace and fireplace pilot lights where possible.
Have well water tested for quality. It is recommended that you test for bacteria every six months.
Check smoke, carbon monoxide and security alarms, and replace batteries.
Clean
windows, screens and hardware, and replace storm windows with screens.
Check screens first and repair or replace if needed.
Open valve to outside hose connection after all danger of frost has passed.
Examine the foundation walls for cracks, leaks or signs of moisture, and repair as required.
Ensure
sump pump is operating properly before the spring thaw sets in. Ensure
discharge pipe is connected and allows water to drain away from the
foundation.
Re-level any exterior steps or decks that moved as a result of frost or settling.
Check for and seal off any holes in exterior cladding that could be an entry point for small pests, such as bats and squirrels.
Check
eavestroughs and downspouts for loose joints and secure attachment to
your home, clear any obstructions, and ensure water flows away from your
foundation.
Clear all drainage ditches and culverts of debris.
Repair and paint fences as necessary — allow wood fences to dry adequately before tackling this task.
Undertake spring landscape maintenance and, if necessary, fertilize young trees.
Summer
Monitor
basement humidity and avoid relative humidity levels above 60 per cent.
Use a dehumidifier to maintain relative humidity below 60 per cent.
Clean or replace air-conditioning filter, and clean or replace ventilation system filters if necessary.
Check
basement pipes for condensation or dripping and, if necessary, take
corrective action; for example, reduce humidity and/or insulate cold
water pipes.
Check the basement floor drain to ensure the trap contains water; refill with water if necessary.
If
you have a plumbing fixture that is not used frequently, for example, a
laundry tub or spare bathroom sink, tub or shower stall, run some water
briefly to keep water in the trap.
Deep clean carpets and rugs.
Vacuum bathroom fan grille.
Disconnect
the duct connected to your clothes dryer, and vacuum lint from duct,
the areas surrounding your dryer and your dryer’s vent hood outside.
Check security of all guardrails and handrails.
Check smooth functioning of all windows, and lubricate as required.
Inspect window putty on outside of glass panes of older houses, and replace if needed.
Sand and touch up paint on windows and doors.
Lubricate door hinges, and tighten screws as needed.
Check
for and replace damaged caulking and weatherstripping around mechanical
and electrical services, windows and doorways, including the doorway
between the garage and the house. See the About Your House fact sheet Attached Garages and Indoor Air Quality for more information on preventing garage-to-house air transfer.
Lubricate garage door hardware, and ensure it is operating properly.
Lubricate
automatic garage door opener motor, chain and other moving parts, and
ensure that the auto-reverse mechanism is properly adjusted.
Inspect
electrical service lines for secure attachment where they enter your
house, and make sure there is no water leakage into the house along the
electrical conduit. Check for overhanging tree branches that may need to
be removed.
Check exterior wood siding and trim for signs of deterioration; clean, replace or refinish as needed.
Remove any plants that contact — and roots that penetrate — the siding or brick.
From
the ground, check the general condition of the roof and note any
sagging that could indicate structural problems requiring further
investigation from inside the attic. Note the condition of shingles for
possible repair or replacement, and examine roof flashings, such as at
chimney and roof joints, for any signs of cracking or leakage.
Check the chimney cap and the caulking between the cap and the chimney.
Whoa, I got my work cut out for me with regard to my home maintenance checklist. Thanks for posting these things.
ReplyDelete-Jon